SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Fernández R.,Marta; Valenzuela A.,Sofía; Balocchi L.,Claudio.

Eucalyptus globulus is the second most important forest species in Chile, after Pinus radiata. The main advantages of E. globulus are its fast growth (25 m³/ha/year) and its excellent wood quality for kraft pulp production. On the negative side, its low freezing tolerance has been an obstacle for the expansion of plantations, specifically on the foothills of the Andes. The difference in the freezing resistance between clones of E. globulus has a genetic base and, therefore, it could be detected through DNA molecular markers. Fifteen clones of E. globulus, eight classified as freezing resistant and seven as freezing sensitive were analyzed using the technique of RAPD, in order to obtain molecular markers that could differentiate between freezing sensitive...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Eucalyptus globulus; Freezing resistance; Molecular markers; RAPD.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582006000300025

Variety discrimination of Tigridia pavonia (L.f.) DC. assesed by different length RAPD primers

Piña-Escutia,José Luis; Vázquez-García,Luis Miguel; Arzate-Fernández,Amaury Martín.

Tigridia pavonia (L.f.) DC. is one of the important phytogenetic resources of México. This species is used as ornamental, food and medicinal purposes. Despite its ornamental and economic potential, there is little information about the genetic variability. In this study, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers of 10, 15 and 20 bases were used to assess the level of genetic variation among nine botanical varieties of Tigridia pavoniacollected in three localities within State of México. The total number fragments, polymorphic fragments, percentage of polymorphism and resolving power were greater for 15 base (55, 52, 94.5 and 5, respectively) and 20 base (47, 45, 95.7 and 3.8, respectively), in comparison with those obtained from 10 base primers...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Genetic resources; RAPD; Tigridia pavonia; Variety discrimination.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582010000400010

Assessment of genetic diversity among Pakistani wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) advanced breeding lines using RAPD and SDS-PAGE

Ahmed,Muhammad Farooq; Iqbal,Muhammad; Masood,Muhammad Shahid; Rabbani,Malik Ashiq; Munir,Muhammad.

Genetic diversity was assessed among 32 advanced wheat breeding lines included in the National Uniform Wheat Yield Trials (2006-07) of Pakistan using molecular (DNA) and biochemical (SDS-PAGE) markers. Of the 72 RAPD primers used for initial screening, 15 were found polymorphic. A total of 140 bands (61.4% polymorphic) were generated by the 15 random decamer primers. Genetic similarity coefficients ranged from 0.81 to 0.94 for rainfed and from 0.70 to 0.93 for the normal seeding date group. Cluster analysis using the unweighted pair group method of arithmetic averages (UPGMA) clustered the 32 advanced wheat breeding lines into one major and three small groups. Maximum level of polymorphism (90%) was observed for the primer OPA-05. Lines N9 and N11 showed...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Genetic diversity; Molecular markers; Polymorphism; RAPD; SDS-PAGE; Wheat.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582010000300001

Analysis of genetic diversity among Indian niger [Guizotia abyssinica (L. f.) Cass.] cultivars based on randomly amplified polymorphic DNA markers

Nagella,Praveen; Hosakatte,Niranjana Murthy; Ravishankar,K.V.; Hahn,Eun-Joo; Paek,Kee-Yoeup.

Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to estimate genetic diversity among 18 cultivars of niger from India. Total genomic DNA was extracted and subjected to RAPD analysis using 80 arbitrary 10-mer primers; 17 primers were selected, which yielded a total of 124 bands, 41.20% of them polymorphic. None of the primers produced unique banding pattern for each cultivar. RAPD data were used to calculate a Squared-Euclidean Distance matrix which revealed a minimum genetic distance between cultivars JNC-6 and N-48 and a maximum distance between IGP-76 and JN-30. Based on the distance matrix, a cluster analysis was done using a minimum variance algorithm. The dendrogram generated, based on Ward’s method, grouped 18 niger cultivars...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Genetic diversity; Guizotia abyssinica; Molecular markers; RAPD.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582008000100014

Clonal diversity and antimicrobial resistance of Enterococcus faecalis isolated from endodontic infections

Suliman Al-Badah,Abdulhakim; S.S. Ibrahim,Abdelnasser; Al-Salamah,Ali A; Ibrahim,Shebl Salah S.

Background Enterococcus faecalis is considered to be one of most prevalent species in the oral cavity, particularly in endodontic infections. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of E. faecalis in dental root canals, clonal diversity by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) analysis, and the antibiotic susceptibility of E. faecalis isolates. Results Among the bacterial strains isolated from dental root canal specimens (n = 82), E. faecalis was determined to have the highest prevalence followed by Streptococcus viridians, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mitis, and Pediococcus pentosaceus. Cluster analysis of RAPD-PCR and RFLP patterns of the...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Antimicrobial susceptibility; Endodontic infection; Enterococcus faecalis; Genotype; RAPD; RFLP.

Ano: 2015

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582015000300006

Genetic variability in the endophytic fungus Guignardia citricarpa isolated from citrus plants

Glienke-Blanco,Chirlei; Aguilar-Vildoso,Carlos Ivan; Vieira,Maria Lúcia Carneiro; Barroso,Paulo Augusto Vianna; Azevedo,João Lúcio.

During some phases of of their life-cycle endophytic fungi colonize plants asymptomatically being found most frequently inside the aerial part of plant tissues. After surface disinfection of apparently healthy leaves from three varieties of mandarin orange and one tangor, and after incubation on appropriate culture medium, 407 fungal isolates were obtained, giving a total infection frequency of 81%. No fungal growth was observed from disinfected seeds, indicating that fungi are probably not transmitted via seeds. Of the fungal isolates, 27% belonged to the genus Guignardia, with 12 isolates being identified as Guignardia citricarpa Kiely, which is described as a citrus pathogen. The isolates were variable in respect to the presence of sexual structures and...

Genetic diversity of Hypostomus ancistroides (Teleostei, Loricariidae) from an urban stream

Palavras-chave: Citrus; Endophytes; Genetic variability; Guignardia citricarpa; Mandarin; RAPD.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572002000200021

Sofia,Silvia H.; Galindo,Bruno A.; Paula,Francine M.; Sodré,Leda M.K.; Martinez,Cláudia B.R..

In this study, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were applied to analyze the genetic diversity of samples of the Neotropical catfish Hypostomus ancistroides, collected from four sites (S1, S2, S3 and S4) along an urban stream in Southern Brazil. The 11 primers used in RAPD analysis amplified 147 loci, 76 (51.7%) of which were polymorphic. The proportions of polymorphic loci observed in the four samples were: 29.93% (S1), 31.97% (S2), 23.81% (S3) and 38.77% (S4). The average heterozygosity within sampling localities ranged from 0.1230 to 0.1526 and unbiased genetic distances ranged from 0.0253 to 0.0445. AMOVA partitioned 90.85% of the total variation within samples and 9.15% among samples. Excepting for the sample pair S1-S2 (phiST = 0.02784;...

RAPD markers indicate the occurrence of structured populations in a migratory freshwater fish species

Palavras-chave: Loricariid fish; Genetic diversity; RAPD; Siluriformes.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572008000200027

Hatanaka,Terumi; Galetti Jr.,Pedro Manoel.

Many factors have contributed to the destruction of fish habitats. Hydroelectric dams, water pollution and other environmental changes have resulted in the eradication of natural stocks. The aim of this study was to detect the genetic variation in Prochilodus marggravii from three collection sites in the area of influence of the Três Marias dam (MG) on the São Francisco river (Brazil), using the RAPD technique. The results obtained revealed that the fish in the downstream region nearest the dam have a higher similarity coefficient than those from the other sampling sites that may be related to differences in environmental characteristics in these regions. Additionaly, significant differences in the band frequencies were observed from one collection site to...

Genetic structure analysis of Eufriesea violacea (Hymenoptera, Apidae) populations from southern Brazilian Atlantic rainforest remnants

Palavras-chave: Prochilodus; RAPD; Genetic structure; Conservation genetic; Fish.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572003000100004

Sofia,Silvia H.; Paula,Francine M. de; Santos,Aline M. dos; Almeida,Fernanda S.; Sodré,Leda M.K..

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to analyze the genetic structure of Eufriesea violacea populations in three fragments (85.47, 832.58 and 2800 ha) of Atlantic rainforest located in the north of the Brazilian state of Paraná. A total of twelve primers produced 206 loci, of which 129 were polymorphic (95% criterion). The proportions of polymorphic loci in each population ranged from 57.28% to 59.2%, revealing very similar levels of genetic variability in the groups of bees from each fragment. Unbiased genetic distances between groups ranged from 0.0171 to 0.0284, the smallest genetic distance occurring between bees from the two larger fragments. These results suggest that the E. violacea populations from the three fragments have...

Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other

Palavras-chave: Euglossine bees; Euglossina; Rainforest fragments; Genetic variability; RAPD.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572005000300026

Identification of RAPD and SCAR markers associated with yield traits in the Indian tropical tasar silkworm Antheraea mylitta drury

Dutta,Suhrid R.; Kar,Prasanta K.; Srivastava,Ashok K.; Sinha,Manoj K.; Shankar,Jai; Ghosh,Ananta K..

The tropical tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta, is a semi-domesticated vanya silk-producing insect of high economic importance. To date, no molecular marker associated with cocoon and shell weights has been identified in this species. In this report, we identified a randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker and examined its inheritance, and also developed a stable diagnostic sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker. Silkworms were divided into groups with high (HCSW) and low (LCSW) cocoon and shell weights, and the F2 progeny of a cross between these two groups were obtained. DNA from these silkworms was screened by PCR using 34 random primers and the resulting RAPD fragments were used for cluster analysis and discriminant function...

RAPD and SCAR markers linked to resistance to frogeye leaf spot in soybean

Palavras-chave: Antheraea mylitta; Quantitative trait; RAPD; SCAR marker; Tasar silkworm.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572012000500007

Martins Filho,Sebastião; Sediyama,Carlos Sigueyuki; Moreira,Maurilio Alves; Barros,Everaldo Gonçalves de.

The soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) frogeye leaf spot is caused by the fungus Cercospora sojina Hara and is a widespread disease in Brazil and other countries, causing severe losses in grain yield and also affecting seed quality. The availability of DNA markers linked to genes for resistance to this disease would accelerate breeding programs, particularly when other traits are also being evaluated. Bulked segregant analysis was applied to 3 F2 populations derived from crosses between the resistant cultivars Parana, Cristalina and Uberaba, and the susceptible cultivar Bossier. In the cross 'Parana' x 'Bossier', 2 RAPD markers were identified, CSOPA1(800C) and CSOPA2(1,250C), located at 4.4 ± 1.8 centiMorgans (cM) and 3.4 ± 1.7 cM respectively from the...

Genetic and epigenetic effects of salinity on in vitro growth of barley

Palavras-chave: Molecular markers; RAPD; SCAR; Soybean; Cercospora sojina; Frogeye leaf spot.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572002000300012

Demirkiran,Aykut; Marakli,Sevgi; Temel,Aslihan; Gozukirmizi,Nermin.

Morphological, physiological and molecular changes were investigated in in vitro salt-stressed barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Tokak). Mature embryos were cultured in Murashige and Skoog medium containing 0 (control), 50 and 100 mM NaCl for 20 days. Both concentrations inhibited shoot growth, decreased fresh weight and protein content, and increased SOD (EC 1.15.1.1) activity in a dose-dependent manner. The lower concentration increased root growth. Salinity caused nucleotide variations in roots, but did not affect shoot DNAs. The higher concentration caused methylation changes, mainly hypermethylation in shoots. This is the first study on genetic and epigenetic effects of salinity in barley.

Phylogeography and RAPD-PCR variation in Hoplias malabaricus (Bloch, 1794) (Pisces, Teleostei) in southeastern Brazil

Palavras-chave: Hordeum vulgare; Salt stress; Tissue culture; RAPD; CRED-RA.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572013000400016

Dergam,Jorge A.; Paiva,Samuel R.; Schaeffer,Carlos E.; Godinho,Alexandre L.; Vieira,Fabio.

In the Rio Doce basin of southeastern Brazil, the freshwater fish Hoplias malabaricus (trahira) is a widespread predatory characin and one of the few resilient native fishes in a highly impacted lake system. In order to test for genetic differentiation in populations within this basin and for biogeographic relationships among populations of this species in other basins, a study was conducted using RAPD-PCR analysis of Rio Doce samples (N = 63) and phylogeographic analyses with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotypes, including the Rio Grande and Macacu river basins. In the Rio Doce basin, the patterns of genetic similarity of RAPD-PCR markers (individual fingerprinting and Neis genetic distance) suggest the existence of two genetically different groups, one...

Chromosomal organization and phylogenetic relationships in Hypochaeris species (Asteraceae) from Brazil

Palavras-chave: RAPD; SSCP; MtDNA; Phylogeography; Hoplias malabaricus; Conservation genetics.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572002000400005

Ruas,Claudete de Fátima; Vanzela,André L.L.; Santos,Melissa O.; Fregonezi,Jeferson N.; Ruas,Paulo Maurício; Matzenbacher,Nelson I.; Aguiar-Perecin,Margarida L.R. de.

The association of cytogenetic and molecular techniques has contributed to the analysis of chromosome organization and phylogeny in plants. The fluorochrome GC-specific CMA3, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers were used to investigate chromosome structure and genetic relationships in Hypochaeris (Asteraceae). Seven species native to South America, and two species introduced from Europe (H. glabra and Hypochaeris sp) were studied. FISH with rDNA probes identified one or two loci of 18S-5.8S-25S rDNA in the South American Hypochaeris species and one locus in the European species. Only one 5S rDNA locus was seen in all species studied. Blocks of GC-rich heterochromatin (CMA-positive bands) associated...

Morphological characterization and genetic analysis of Drechslera teres isolates

Palavras-chave: Chromosome banding; FISH; Hypochaeris; Phylogenetic relationship; RAPD.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572005000100023

Frazzon,A.P.G.; Matsumura,A.T.S.; Van Der Sand,S.T..

Net blotch, caused by the phytopathogen Drechslera teres, is a common disease of barley (Hordeum vulgare L) and is responsible for large economic losses in some barley growing areas. In this study the morphology and genetic variability of eight D. teres isolates from different regions of the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul were investigated. Colony morphology was studied on potato-dextrose-agar (PDA) and genetic variability investigated using the random amplified polymorphic-DNA (RAPD) technique. 27 commercially available primers were tested of which 16 were selected for use in polymorphic analysis due to their good resolution and reproducibility. Similarity coefficients were used to construct dendrograms based on colony morphology and RAPD data...

Analysis by RAPD of the genetic structure of Astyanax altiparanae (Pisces, Characiformes) in reservoirs on the Paranapanema River, Brazil

Palavras-chave: Drechslera teres; Barley; Net blotch; DNA polymorphism; RAPD.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572002000200019

Leuzzi,Maria Sueli Papa; Almeida,Fernanda Simões de; Orsi,Mário Luís; Sodré,Leda Maria Koelblinger.

In this study, the RAPD technique was used to analyze the genetic structure of populations of the fish Astyanax altiparanae (Characidae, Tetragonopterinae) living in the lower, middle and upper Paranapanema River, Brazil. The aim was to assess this structure regarding fish handling and conservation programs. The genetic variability (P) was found to be 42.64%, 75% and 75% in the low, middle and upper reaches, respectively. The dendrogram of genetic similarity, obtained by comparative analysis of the sets of samples from the three sites, showed the formation of three clusters. All of the genetic parameters used indicate that the population in the lower Paranapanema is genetically different from those in the middle and upper sections. The theta P test shows...

Comparative molecular analysis of Herbaspirillum strains by RAPD, RFLP, and 16S rDNA sequencing

Palavras-chave: Astyanax altiparanae; RAPD; Genetic structure; Genetic conservation; Fish.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572004000300009

Soares-Ramos,Juliana R.L.; Ramos,Humberto J.O.; Cruz,Leonardo M.; Chubatsu,Leda S.; Pedrosa,Fábio O.; Rigo,Liu U.; Souza,Emanuel M..

Herbaspirillum spp. are endophytic diazotrophic bacteria associated with important agricultural crops. In this work, we analyzed six strains of H. seropedicae (Z78, M2, ZA69, ZA95, Z152, and Z67) and one strain of H. rubrisubalbicans (M4) by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) using HindIII or DraI restriction endonucleases, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and partial sequencing of 16S rDNA. The results of these analyses ascribed the strains studied to three distinct groups: group I, consisting of M2 and M4; group II, of ZA69; and group III, of ZA95, Z78, Z67, and Z152. RAPD fingerprinting showed a higher variability than the other methods, and each strain had a unique electrophoretic pattern with five of the six primers used....